 2

  
 

  ,     3,        -
  C++     (native types)  
,    .     
.  C++   ,    (character),  (integer),
   (floating-point)   (boolean).    -
      :  (array),  (pointer)
  (structure).         -
    .

  ,    3,       -
     C++,    -
  ,   Pascal  .    -
  .           4,
    .

     .    -
        .  ,
   ,     ,  -
  .  -   -
         .

2.1.  

   ,   (token).    -
 ;    ,  .
 ,   , :

    : a b . zAB  z'

 : 0 1     9

'       , 
    .  . .