 3

  

      C++.    
 ,   .   C++  
   .      C++
  .       
    .

3.1. 

)       ,     
    ,       -
.       (stepwise refinement). -
  C++        
.     ,     -
 main ()    .   C++   -
  .  ,  strcpy () 
rand (),   .     .

3.1.1.  

  C++      ,    
main ().       main ().  
    ,    
 ( ').      .
      ,     -
,         (calling environment).
      bell,   
:

'          (to call function) -
     (to invoke function).   invoke 
  ,  . ,    -
     C++.  . .