 10



 (inheritance)        -
.          -
 .       
.         ,
     .

     ,    -
          .   
  ;        ,
  -    .  -
       ,  
     . , -
      ,   ,   
,       . -
      ,     -
  ,    .  -
     ,    
     .   C++  ,    -
    .

C++   - (virtual member function). 
,         .
 ,    ,  -
   ,       -
  .         -
, C++       . ,
   ,       ,  
    ;     
  C++.   ,     .  
    (pure polymorphism).

        
       -
      .    -
 - ,   :