30   1.   

1.2.2.    

PRAM      ,   -
,            
    .    -
     .  (M.J. Flynn)'.
     : SIMD (Single-Instruction,
Multiple-Data          )
 MIMD (Multiple-Instruction, Multiple-Data    
    ).      -
  SPMD (Single-Program, Multiple-Data   ,  
)  MPMD (Multiple-Programs, Multiple-Data   , -
  ) .  SPMD (SIMD)  
          , 
      .  MPMD (MIMD) -
   ,     
      .  ,
            ,
         . -
 ,    ,      -
  ,     SPMD-,    MPMD-
.    SPMD     
   ,    . ,    
         .   -
         ,
      .    -
    ,     .   -
  MPMD,      , , -
         ,    -
    . ,    
 Web-   MPMD.      -
  . ,     
,      ,    -
    ..  ,   
   .       
,   ,       -
    Web-.   -
,    ,  ,  -
 PRAM, SPMD (SIMD)  MPMD (MIMD).    ,     -
     -  
        ,    
      .

M.J. Flynn. Very high-speed computers.  /  IEEE, 54, 1901~1909 (/ 1966).