134  4.  ++-   

 MPMD (Multiple-Programs, Multiple-Data   ,  
).      ,   -
     .       -
,       .  -
     MPMD     M7MD
(Multiples- Threads, Multiple-Data   ,  
).         (thread),
    ,    (stream). -
  SPMD      S7MD (Single- Thread, Multiple-
Data    ,   ).    -
    ,    ,  -
, .  ,      
   (     ).





 				 
				
				

. 4.9.  

  ,       
  STMD  MTMD.    ,    -
       . 
   MTMD.       
     .  ( ),  ,
     ,    .    -
   ,      ,   -
  ,   STMD.    
    ,     . -
          
,     .    -
 MTMD- .      
,         
     .   -
   ,           -
.   STMD  MTMD   . 4.10.

4.6.    Pthread

 Pthread  API-     -
  .  Pthread    
,        IEEE
  POSIX 1003.1.  -  
POSIX  ,     Pthread  POSIX.