12.2.   -  435

     . ,  -
  ,      
" "  .    -
   ,        
 "" .        -
,    . ,   -
     ,   -
    .    -
      , " 
 ".      ,   -
      -
.     ,      -
,      : "    
?".       ,    -
   .      
(    "/"),      
 :     " ".

       , 
   ,    -
 .     ,    
.     ,   "",   .
        . 
       ,   -
      ,     .
   ,       
    .     
 -  (agent-oriented program  ),  
       . -
         ,  
      . -
       ,  
  CORBA-   -
   . CORBA   -
      (intranet
 Internet).      
CORBA-    8.    ,
  CORBA-     .   6  
PVM (Parallel Virtual Machine   ).  PVM
       
,        . -
    CORBA-,     
PVM-.        
.       ,   -
    .    
 ,        
CORBA-, PVM-  MPI- (Message Passing Interface).    -
        -
 (IPC),  FIFO-,    .  -
     .