512  

  file_ackions    NULL    -
    close, dup2  open,     
posix_spawn()  posix_spawnp()    ,   -
    close (), dup2 ()  open (),  
      close (), dup2 ()  open ()
 (,     ,   
 ,      ,  -
 127). ,    ,     -
    ,    close ()  dup2 (),  ,
    open ().



.

  

     Spawn       
.

 

 posix_spawn ()   " "  posix_spawnp ()
       
 fork ():  fork ()  ( )   
()    .

  (       -
 ,  )      -
     .

       ,  
  POSIX.

      POSIX    -
   ,   MMU (memory management unit  
 ).

 ,  POSIX    
  ,       
   MMU-.

 posix_spawn()    ,   -
 posix_spawn ()  posix_spawnp ()     
.           
  fork()/exec,      
 ,        fork (),  
   fork () /.

   posix_spawn()  posix_spawnp ()    
API-.        
fork()/exec,       