28  2

 ,  100   Widget    
$2000,  .      Widget 
 ,   , , ,  - -
        
 .  , ,    $15  ,   
    $1500 ($15  100 ),      
  $2000.    ,       -
    $2000,        
   $1500    .  ,   
    $500       
   .

  

   ,     -
          -
    .       
(maintenance margin).      ,  -
   ,      
  ,   . ,  1994 . - 
         -
    25%.

          -
 ,         (undermargined). -
        (margin call},   
     ,    ,   
   (  )       
  .         -
     (2.1),      -
13.    (     ),  -
        -
           .

   , , ,   ,    
      ,       
   14.        -
 (unrestricted),   (overmargined}, .

   ,   ,   -
 ,     ,     -
     (      -
),  ,        
 ,    ,      -
.     ,    ,   ,  -
     .  ,  
      ,     -
.       - .
        (restricted account),   , 
 ,       
(,    ),  .

 

          -
     ,     
(financial leverage).  ,       