162                                                    6

  , ,      -
   .    $1,50,     ,
       0,03 ($1,50/$50) . ,  
   ,         -
   , ,    ( 
100         ). 
   ,   ,  ,   
       $2,06 (1,03  $2)     
    $57,68 (1,03  $56).  -
  ,  , $59,74 ($57,68 + $2,06),   -
  :

^^= 1,2987.
46,00

    ,  , 29,87%   .  -
 (1.2987)1/2 - 1 = 0,1396.  13,96% .

       
   . ,  Vy   , ^ 
    , V      , :

V     V     V

-i=_Lx-i.

^0     ^     ^

 ,          
,    (1,03   )  
 ,    .    -
 ,   ,    -
.

          
 $46           
$50 + $1,50.  :

^=^1^=1,1196.
Vy  $46,00

        $50 
      $56 + $2.  :

^^=1,16.
^  $50

        :

1,1196 1,16 =1,2987,

  ,  .

       [1 + -
]   .  ,    -
  11,96%     16%  .   
      [1 + ]  
.     N , :