324  12

  , > 0,     (12.17)  ,   
        ,
        .  
 ^ < 0,          
  ,       
 ,  ,       
 .          -
      . ,  4-  -
   ,   3- ,   ,   
 .   ,     
  (^ ==2,0 > b^ = 1,8)     -
     (^ = 3,2 > b^ = 0,7).

12.3.2    

    APT (12.7)  -
   .   ,    ,
          ,
      .  ,   =   
(12.16)       :

/^/+^+;,^.                              (12.18)

(    (12.16) r,= 8%.)

    ,  -
         .   -
,      ,   : (1) -
     ; (2)   
   ; (3)    .  , ^ = 1 
-, = 0.   (12.18) ,     ,
 5,,  ,+ ,, .. 6^ /,= ^.   (12.18)  
 :

7,=/y+(5i-/y)ft,i+A2*/2.                      (12.19)

    (12.16) 5j - r,= 4.  ,  5, = 12,   ,= 8.
 , ,     
   ( )    
   ( ),    
12%,   4% ,   8%- .

,  ,     
      , .. 6, = 0  ^ = 1. 
 (12.18) ,     ,  5^,
 ,+ ..  5^  ,= ^,   (12.19)    :

r,=/y+(5i-/y)6,i+(52-//)*,2.                      (12.20)

    (12.16) 5^ - r,= -1.  ,  8^ = 6,   /= 8.
 , ,     
   ( )   
    ( ),    -
 6%,   2% ,   8%- .