1


  Linux

       ()
Unix           
  .     -
 Unix  1969 ,     (Dennis Ritchie)   
(Ken Thompson)   , ,   
        .

  Unix   Multics   -
 ,         Bell
Laboratories.    Multics,   Bell Laboratories'
Computer Sciences Research Center        -
   .  1969   
Bell Labs    ,      -
    Unix.    
      PDP-7.  1971  
 Unix     PDP-11,   1973    -
   ,      
,        .   -
  Unix,     Bell Labs,  Unix
System  6,    V6.

     Unix    .
,    ,  ,  
       .
 1977   Bell Labs      
   Unix System III,   1982   AT&T -
  System V1.

    Unix,    ,  
      ,   , 
      .  -
         
(University of California at Berkeley).

   System IV?  ,     .