  Unix,      
  .

  Unix       -
.          ,
    ,   
 Unix  .

  :   Linux

  Linux     (Linus
Torvalds)  1991      ,  
     Intel 80386.     -
            
    Unix-  . 
 DOS,   Microsoft,     
,     " ",     .  -
   Minix,  Unix-  -
,       .   
         
   (    Minix),   -
 ,     Minix.

   ,     -
 .       ,  
   Unix-  .    -
 ,   .       -
 ,   Unix-.  1991     
  .

   ,    Linux
      .    -
 Linux  ,       ,
  ,    .  
 ,  Linux    , 
  .

 Linux     ,   
 AMD x86-64, ARM, Compaq Alpha, CRIS, DEC VAX, H8/300, Hitachi
SuperH, HP PA-RISC, IBM S/390, Intel IA-64, MIPS, Motorola 68000, PowerPC, SPARC,
UltraSPARC  v850.     ,    ,  
  - .     -
  Linux  .   , 
  Linux (Monta Vista  Red Hat),    (IBM, Novell) -
        ,   .

  Linux   Unix,   Linux   
Unix.    Linux     Unix,  Linux 
API  Unix (     POSIX   Single Unix
Specification),    Linux      
Unix,       Unix-. ,   , 
   ,     ,   

   Linux 25