    ,     
struct kref         
.

        
    atomic_t,    
 kref   ,     -
       .

      lib/kref.c    
<linux/kref.h>.

  sysfs

  sysfs     ,  -
         
kobject.       -
      .   kobject
    ,     -
 ,     .

        -
      ,  -
 sysfs     .     -
,       
    .      -
    ,   ,   -
    /,      -
      . ,  
 kobject,   sysfs  driverfs.   -
      ,      -
  kobject.   ,     2.6,
    sysfs,       -
  .

     sysfs    kobject
      dentry,     kobject.
    12, "  ",  
dentry     .  
     ,      
  .   kobject   
        
.   ,  kobject    -
   !      -
,      ,   
     sysfs.

 . 17.2      sysfs,  -
   /sys.

    sysfs   : block, bus,
class, devices, firmware, module  power.   block  
       -.

 kobject    sysfs 363