___              _____1.3.            85

    ,       -
 ,         -
   .

          Internet, -
          ,
    ,    .

 IPX/SPX

       Novell, 
     NetWare    80- . -
     Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX)  Sequenced
Packet Exchange (SPX),    ,   -
  XNS  Xerox,     ,
  IPX/SPX.   IPX/SPX    -
  Novell NetWare,      
  ,       
        Microsoft Windows NT.

   IPX/SPX    
 NetWare (  4.0)       ,
      . , 
    Novell   ,  
       (-
  IBM-    MS-DOS 
640 )         -
 .     IPX/SPX   
            ,
        -
 ,      
 (,       ).  -
,    ,   IPX/SPX   -
 Novell        (  
  ),    -
    NetWare.      NetWare 4.0
Novell         , -
        .   IPX/
SPX     NetWare,       -
 ,  SCO UNIX, Sun Solaris, Microsoft Windows NT.

 NetBIOS/SMB

       IBM  Microsoft.  -
         -
  Ethernet, Token Ring, FDDI  .   
  NetBEUI  SMB.

 NetBIOS (Network Basic Input/Output System)   1984 
       /
(BIOS) IBM PC    PC Network  IBM.  