626     7 '     

 - (ghosts)     
.      ,   -
     10101011. -  
 72 ,        -
.   -    -
     .   
        .
       
         -
  .         -
     ,  ,
  ,    - -
 . ,       -
     0,01 %,     1  
 10 000.           . . .

                     ,

         , -
   ,      -
.       
        ,   
         -
  .

      Ethernet.

   (Local Collision).   
    ,    ,  
 .     
,        -  
  .     
     .

   (Remote Collision).     
  (    ,   
 ).  ,    -
 (lOBase-T, lOBase-FL/FB, 100Base-TX/FX/T4, Gigabit Ethernet),  -
    (  ,  
       ).   -
        -
 .   - ,   
     ,    -
.

   (Late Collision).  ,    -
  64   (  Ethernet   -
    64  ).   
 ,     64     
 .      ,   , -
  ,      -
        .  