      ,     
.       . 
   13  14  12.15  : 

    iref++ ; 

      ,  ivar - ,   
 iref.        iref. 
         . ,    
   .  

     int &iref = 1234;	// ??? 

     ,  1234   
,   iref  .  , ,  
      : 

    int  = 1234;	//     
   const   int &iref = x;           //  iref      

       ,      
,    . ,    
         : 

    cout  "iref = "  iref  '\';        //    

          : 

     = 4321;        //   

     iref  ,  , ,     
   : 

    iref = 4321;   // ???  

             
 "Cannot modify a const object in function main()" (  
    mainO). 

         

       ,      
  .        
  ,     . 
    ,         
       .  
   ,   ,    
  .  12.16     TAX.   
 5    .      
Easy Win-  DOS-,         
.          . 

     12.16. . (     ) 

    1: #include <iostream.h> 
    2: 
    3: #include <stdlib.h> 
    4: #include <stdio.h> 
    5; 
    6: double GetDouble(const char prompt);             
    7: void GetData(double Spaid, double irate);   
    8: void Calculate(const double paid, const double rate, 
    9;  double &list, double &tax); 
    10: 
    11: main ()
    12: { 
    13:  double paid, rate, list, tax; 
    14:  GetData(paid, rate); 
    15:  Calculate(paid, rate, list, tax); 
    16:  printf('List pride = $%8.2f\n", list); 
    17:  printf("Tax paid = $%8.2f\n", tax); 
    18:  return 0; 
    19: } 
    20: 
    21: //       
    22: double GetDouble(const char prompt) 
    23: { 
    24:  char s[20]; //    
    25:  printf (prompt); //    
    26:  scanf ("%20s", s); //     
    27:  return atof(s); //    
    28:  } 
    

         12.   C++     299 
