       -  ,    ios, 
      IOSTREAM.H.  
   -  cin, cout, cerr  clog.  ios  
       ()     ()  
      C++. 
          -,         
iomanip.h.    iostream.h,        
 -.       . 
            -  
        .   
       =   -. 
             , 
     . 
        C++,    ,      
-,  -,        
,     ,    
,       fast this. 
        ,   
  .    
    ,       
.        
 ,   ,   try  
       catch. 
                       , 
    ,     . 
            ,   
   unexpected().   unexpected()  
 terminate(), ,   ,   abort()  
  .     unexpected()      
terminate()  -      .   
  abort() . 
          typeid      
  .     Type_info,   
   .      typeid  
  . 

     

    15.1.  ,     . 
  ,    TEngine (),    
TFuel (),         
level,   ""     .   
    ,   TEngine   
    level  TFuel. 
    15.2.      (*)   (/)  
 TStrOp   15.5. 
    15.3.     ++  --   TStrOp  
 15.5.       . 
    15.4.        TStrOp 
  double   15.5. 
    15.5.     TFruit ()   orange ()  
TFruit,  orange       
grapefruit (). 
    15.6.       
 TFruit   15.5. 
    15.7.       TFruit  
 15.5.	
    15.8.  ,      minO  
 15.10. 
    15.9.   ,  100     
   TDatabase   15.12.    for  
        8- . 

     III.   ANSI C++ 422
