      . ,    , 
   .        -
,      .

    ,    -
.  ,       ,
    (  ).   -
     ,    .   -
   pwd:     mkdir    
   ,  ,     
  .

      ,   
.

       promo, 
   literature.   ,   -
  /home/alex,    :

$ pwd

/home/alex

$ mkdir literature/promo

    :

$ mkdir /home/alex/literature/promo

      ,  literature,  promo, -
  mkdir   -t:

$ pwd

/home/alex

$ Is

demo names temp

$ mkdir -p literature/promo



$ mkdir -p /home/alex/literature/promo

  .  ..

 mkdir        -
:    , , ,     -
.   ,        .

 mkdir       ,  -
     .  (.)     -
     ;   (..)    -
  .

    ..    temp  -
  (/home/alex),      /home/alex  
/home/alex/literature        :

$ pwd

/home/alex/literature

$ Is ..

demo literature names temp

 6.   Linux                                               201