$ cat message_demo

echo This is an error message. 1>&2       .)
echo This is not an error message.      (    .)

     message_demo,   
,     echo,    -
     ,       . -
       
  ,          
,  .      Inks (.
 " Inks"  28)      . 
    ,    -
     ,    
      (.  ":  -
 "  28).

noclobber:   

  noclobber       -
    .    noclobber, -
    ,     -
   (, > |  |).

          ,
      date.   -
  noclobber        . 
   .        -
,       :  
  . , ,    noclobber (-
    )  ,     :

$ date > a

$ set - noclobber

$ date > a

bash: a: Cannot overwrite existing file
(   )
$ date >| a
$ set + noclobber
$ date > a

 

    .       -
 Linux (,      date   RETURN  
 ).          -
 :

$ find . -print | sort | Ipr & grep -1 alex /tmp/* > alexfiles &

 1 [1] 18839
[2] 18876

 9.  II: Bourne Again Shell                                            291