  /etc/pam.conf.       ,   -
     (/etc/pam. conf).   Red Hat    -
.    /etc/pam. d    ,
    ,  .     -
   ,  ,  
    /etc/pam.conf.    /etc/pam.conf
 ,    ,      -
.        .  ,  
,  ,    requisite.



    ,    
  .        ,  -
       Red Hat.   -
,   ,      
root.  root,   ,  
   ,     . -
         ,   -
   .

         .
      ,     
.      ,  
        fsck  
   .  telinit    
 .     
,      , , 
  .

    : ,   ,
 ,  ,  , -
      .

      Red Hat (redhat-config-*  Red
Hat Enterprise Linux  system-config-*  Fedora)   ,  -
 .        xinetd,
          -
     ,     .
          TCP, -
  hosts, allow  hosts, deny   /etc.   
chroot          
 ,    .

,  DHCP, ,    DHCP,  -
      .    
 ,    IP-   DHCP.   -
       NIS, DNS,  
  ,        /etc/nsswitch/conf. 
      Linux-PAM, 
    ,        ,  
  .

444                                        IV.  